1980年前後隨著市場化改革的進行，中國也開始養老保險制度的改革。自上世紀90年代建立部分基金制後，制度的轉軌帶來了前所未有的轉軌成本和激勵問題等，這給羽翼未豐的中國養老保險制度帶來了沉重的負擔。本文以經濟學觀點剖析中國養老保險制度的變遷，分析了不同時期不同利益集團是如何推動養老保險制度改革，分析了利益集團在當前情況下對下一步改革又會產生如何的影響。一種可行的養老保險制度的選擇還有待進一步討論。

Around 1980 along with marketability reform's advance, China also started the old-age insurance system's reform. After the 1990s establishment partial fund system,system's switch has brought the unprecedented switch cost and the drive question and so on, this has not brought the serious burden for the wing abundant China old-age insurance system. This article analyzes China old-age insurance system's vicissitude by the economic viewpoint, how has analyzed the different time divergent interest group to
promote the old-age insurance system reform, how will influence analyze the special interest group to have in the current situation to the next step reform. One kind of feasible old-age insurance system's choice also waits for further.