目標：本文報導臺灣地區50歲以上男性在近年實行大腸癌與攝護腺癌篩檢的程度和相關因素。方法：利用隨機抽樣的方式，進行以成年人（≧20歲）為對象的電話訪問，問卷內容包括受訪者的基本人口社經資料、癌症篩檢經歷以及生活形態。結果：本文分析其中521名50歲以上男性受訪者的大腸癌和攝護腺癌篩檢經驗，其中有122人（23.4%）曾經做過大腸癌篩檢，68人（13.0%）有過攝護腺癌篩檢的經驗。籍貫（p＝0.034）或職業（p＝0.001）是和大腸癌篩檢有相關的顯著因素。60歲以上受訪者的攝護腺癌篩檢率高於50-59歲受訪者的篩檢率（17.7%對7.9%）（p＝0.013），吃檳榔（p＝0.05）或沒有運動習慣（p＝0.05）的受訪者比較不做大腸癌篩檢，抽菸的男性亦較傾向不做攝護腺癌篩檢（p＝0.05），癌症認知程度對提升篩檢攝護腺癌（p＜0.001）比大腸直腸癌更顯著（p＝0.118）。結論：國人的大腸癌或攝護腺癌篩檢率普遍低落，和癌症認知差異的相關，攝護腺癌篩檢實踐的比大腸癌的明顯。有不健康的生活形態之男性其篩檢率更低，顯示這方面的癌症預防應該加以重視。

　　　　　Objective: This study investigated the screening practices of colorectal cancer and prostate cancer among men who aged 50 years and above in Taiwan.Methods: Using a random telephone dialing system, we interviewed adults aged 20 years and above to collect information about their socio-demographic characteristics, cancer screening experiences and lifestyles.Results: Among 521 men aged 50 and above, 122 (23.4%) had undergone colorectal cancer screening, and 68 (13.0%) had experienced prostate cancer screening. Ethnicity (p=0.034) and occupation (p=0.001) were factors significantly associated with the colorectal cancer screening. Men of 60 years old and above were more likely to have had the prostate cancer screening than were men of 50-59 years old (p=0.013). Smokers were also less likely to have had prostate cancer screening practice than nonsmokers (p=0.05). The rate of colon cancer screening was lowered for betel nut users (p=0.05) or for men did not exercise (p=0.05). Prostate cancer screening was significantly associated with cancer knowledge level.Conclusion: This study showed that only a small portion of men have experienced screening test for the colorectal cancer and prostate cancer in Taiwan. Intensified promotion of these screening practices is needed, especially for those with an unhealthy lifestyle and lack of the cancer knowledge.