篇名 | 動植物名詞的中英互譯與教學 |
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卷期 | 5 |
並列篇名 | Translating Animal and Plant Names |
作者 | 蘇正隆 |
頁次 | 171-180 |
關鍵字 | 動植物名詞 、 學名 、 大學詞典 、 通名 、 可信度 、 英漢詞典 、 翻譯過程 、 animal & plant names 、 common names 、 translation 、 scientific names 、 English-Chinese dictionary |
出刊日期 | 200012 |
動植物名詞的翻譯是翻譯過程中所要面對的諸多問題之一環。大多數譯者只能向英漢詞典中去求解。不幸的是,國內的英漢詞典在這方面可信度不高,翻譯工作者如果不察,貿然據以參考,往往會闖出笑話。舉例來說,green bean是「四季豆」,但常被誤解為「綠豆」(mung bean) ; linden你「根樹」,但在台灣卻被當作「菩提」;oak 1.在「機樹」但被譯成「橡樹」'幾使「機樹」真名不彰;olive與
中國橄欖」,date與「棄子」都是完全不同的植物,卻因誤譯而被以為是相同的 東西。至於動物方面baldeagle (白頭海雕)頭並不禿,卻被譯成「禿鷹」,killer whale(虎鯨)並不吃人,卻被冠以「殺人鯨」的惡名。這樣的例子不勝枚舉。筆 者擬以這方面的問題提出探討,並指出如欲由英文通名查證中文通名,可先透過大學詞典找出學名,再由學名與中文名稱的對照表來找中文通名的辦法以解決這類問題。
When translators have problems rendering an English plant or animal name into Chinese or vice versa, they usually consult an English-Chinese or a Chinese-English dictionary. This paper brings to light the inherent problems in relying on bilingual dictionaries for such a task. The author offers numerous examples of mistakes he has discovered as evidence: green bean as mung bean, linden as pipal, date as jujube, oak as acorn tree, and more comically, killer whale as manslaugter whale, to name just a few examples of inaccurate translation. While dealing with some classical mistakes in translating plant and animal names, the author will present an effective method of cross-reference through the aid of scientific names. Itis hoped that such a method will reduce the imprecise translation of Chinese and English common names for plants and animals and provide a consistent means of translation others can trustfully emulate.