翻譯本來就是兩語闊的轉換;此兩語間對比的結果對「得意而不忘形」的翻譯所能做出的貢獻以及可以應用到翻譯教學上是不辯而自明的。在此語法包括字句以至於言談篇章的結構，言吾用以及語意。兩語之間相同的程度越高，翻譯的難度就越低;因此本文擬偏重英攀之間明顯相異的文法點闡釋對比分析的結果對翻譯教學可能的供獻。因F良於篇幅，本文擬就話題+評述(Topic-Comment )與主語+述語(Subject-Predicate)這個文法點加以闡釋，其他的文法點暫不討論。從 事翻譯教學、翻譯工作或翻譯研習過程中，我們都成覺到英文句構以主詞加述語為主，可是中文在主詞加述語的微句(micro-sentence)前面常 有話題(topic)，如碗我已經洗了，這個碗字就是微句我已經洗了的話題，而碗我已經洗了就構成話題力。評述的宏句(macro-sentence)。譯為I've already washed the dishes而不逐字譯為Dishes I have washed'可見重組是 必要的。又如這棟房子，坐北朝南，冬暖夏涼，這棟房子即此句的話題，可譯為Facingthe south， this house is warm in winter and cool in summer當然很少譯者會逐字翻譯而不加以重組的，但教學時教師有責任引導學生探討其華句構的不同，進而闡明為何重組是必要的。此項探討可能就翻譯此句型找出翻譯的方法。

Since translation is the conversion between two languages， it is selfexplanatory that the results of contrastive analysis of grammars can have a great deal of contributions to translation education and translation per se for both of which to take good care of not only meaning but also form. Grammarin this paper includes morpho-syntactic and discourse structures， meaning or semantics as well as pragmatics. As translators all know， the more similar in structures and functions between the two languages involved， the more easy they are to translate. Emphasis therefore will be put on analyzing the differences and applying the results to translation.Concentration will be on the grammar points of topic-comment and subject-predicate constructions. Both students and teachers of translation as well as translators may have sensed that the typical structure of English sentences is subject followed by predicate(micro-sentence)， while Chinese often has a topic before the micro-sentence; for examp峙，碗我已經洗了， in which碗的the topic of micro-sentence我已經洗了which in tum comments on the topic， and the topic being followed by the comment has formed a macro-sentence. Translating this sentence into English involves reorganizing the T-C into the S-P construction as: I have washed the dishes. Anotherexample，這棟房子，坐北朝南，冬暖夏涼，這棟房子is the topic of this sentence， and坐北朝南，冬暖夏涼comment on the topic. This sentence can be translated as: Facing the south， this house is warm in winter and cool in summer. Although no translator would render it word by word without reorganizing the word order， translation teachers have the obligation of explaining the differences between Chinese and English so as to justify the reason for reorganization. This endeavor， I hope， could find a method of translating these grammar points involving Chinese and English.