《天演論〉是我國翻譯史上深具影響力的一本書，原著目前有兩個譯本。一個是嚴復在1898年周文言文翻譯的版本，另一個是大陸在197 1年用白話 文翻譯的版本。本文將以兩個版本具有全文普遍性的第一段作抽樣分析，以暸解兩個譯本的特色和使用的方法，然後再透過現代翻譯學家奈達(Nida)的理論，嘗試作另一種方式的翻譯。這三種譯文相互比較，希望由此對翻譯學(CTranslatology) 有更多的發現和更深入的瞭解。

Tian fan Lun (天演論)，a book translated by Yan Fu in wen yen (Chinese literary language) in 1898，is of great importance and influence in the translation history of China. Itsoriginal English name is Evolution and Ethics， a book about the evolution and ecology of living things in nature， written by T. H.Huxley in 1893. And73 years later， another Chinese version translated in bai hwa (vernacular) by Ke Xyue PublishingCompany under the title Jin hwa lun yu lun li xyue (進化論與倫理學)appeared in 1971 in mainland China. These are the two Chinese versions for Evolution and Ethics up to the present time . Taking the beginning passages in these two versions as the samples for analysis， this paper aims to explore their characteristics and translating approaches. Andmeanwhile， the same passage in the original text will be translated again in a different way in the light of the theories of E.A. Nida.Through a comparison of the three translations， it is hoped that a comparatively better approach to translation could be found， and thereby leading us to know more about Translatology.