分析一九一五年前日據初期有關漢人身分認同的故事，本文得到兩點重妥的結論。其一是伊能嘉矩的「本島人」論述，是在亞皇民主無法以文治教化的力量統治台灣之前，刻釗漢人認同的重要言論;其重妥性尤其在於閥啟了日人論主是台灣「土匪」的系譜。其二是當時漢人社會的上下層，觀照自身的認同典範，少古舊來自中國傳統的道德教化，包括孟子「大丈夫」的模範及合三教為一的謙謙倉于形象。

Studying the narratives concerning Han-Taiwanese' identity in the early twentieth-century when they were under Japanese rule， we have two major findings. First， contemporary anthropologist， Kanori Ino's discourse on “thisislanders" (hontojinJ initiated a series of Japanese commentaries on Taiwanese "bandits，\" which stereotyped the bottom stratum of the Han-colonized. Secondly， after two decades of the colonial rule， what informed Han-Taiwanese of their fundamental identities were still the moral teachings of tradit ional China， specifically Mencius' doctrine of a “realman" and an image of gentleman syncretized from the lessons of Confucianism， Taoism， and Buddhism.