篇名 | 數種土壤真菌對嘉磷塞忍受性之研究 |
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卷期 | 19:1 |
並列篇名 | Study on the Tolerance of Some Soil Fungi to Glyphosate |
作者 | 胡寶元 、 謝煥儒 、 姚瑞禎 、 傅春旭 |
頁次 | 17-23 |
關鍵字 | 忍受性 、 嘉磷塞 、 tolerance 、 C. globosum 、 Chaetomium aureum 、 glyphosate 、 Trichoderma harzianum 、 Sclerotium rolfsii 、 Rhizoctonia solani 、 Pythium splendens 、 Pythium spinosum 、 Fusarium solani |
出刊日期 | 200503 |
嘉磷塞為林業苗圃常用的除草劑,在台灣使用量極大。自全省施用過嘉磷塞施用過的土壤中篩選出1337株真菌,分別為Aspergillus niger,Chaetomium aureum,C. globosum,Cladosporium sp., Fusarium solani,Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicilium sp., Pythium spinosum,P. splendens,Rhizopus sp., Rhizoctonia solani,Sclerotiun rolfsiii,Scopulariopsis sp.及Trichoderma harzianum等12屬15種真菌。將所蒐集到的上述8土壤真菌培養在馬鈴薯葡萄糖洋菜培養基中,進行不同濃度嘉磷塞對這些真菌的生長測試。結果顯示,嘉磷塞由4 mM至24 mM時,C. aureum及F. solani之菌絲生長與各該菌種在控制組(0 mM)之菌絲相對生長比率,皆顯著(P<0.05)高於C. globosum,P. spinosum,P. splendens,R. solani,S. rolfsii及T. harzianum者;C. globosum之菌絲生長於4 mM時完全受抑制,於12 mM時P. spinosum及P. splendens之菌絲生長亦受完全抑制,至24 mM時R. solani,S. rolfsii及T. harzianum之菌絲生長完全受抑制,至120 mM時所有測試菌種之菌絲生長皆完全被抑制。C. aureum會產生紅色的分泌物,該紅色分泌物在C. globosum並不會產生;此紅色分泌物可能增加C. aureum對嘉磷塞的忍受性,但需要進一步研究。
Glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide in Taiwan forest nursery Totally 1337 isolates of soil fungi were isolated from forest nursery soils that were applied by glyphosate Fifteen species were identified from these 1337 isolates, viz. Aspergtllus niger, Chaetomium aureum, C. globosum, Cladosporium sp., Fusarium solani, Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicilium sp., Pythium spinosum, P. splendens, Rhizopus sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsiii, Scopulariopsis sp. and Trichoderma harzianum. Eight of the isolated soil fungi species were cultured on PDA with different concentration of glyphosate from 0 mM to 120 mM When the glyphosate concentration changed from 1 mM to 24 Mm, the mycelial relative growth rate of C. aureum and F. solani was significantly higher than that of C. globosum, P. sptnosum, P. splendens, R. solani, S. rolfsii and T. harztanum on mycelium growth rate When glyphosate was applied, C. aureum produced red secretion, which is absent in C globosum. We suggest that C. aureum might increase its tolerance to glyphosate by producing the red secretion.