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大氣科學

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篇名 由衛星資料探討臺灣地區降雨雲特性與降雨量關係
卷期 29:2、29:2
並列篇名 The Study of Raining Cloud and Precipitation from Satellite IR and Microwave Observation
作者 王光華
頁次 109-124
關鍵字 氣象衛星降雨量紅外線Meteorological satellitePrecipitationInfrared
出刊日期 200106

中文摘要

     由GMS紅外線資料來分析臺灣地區降雨時雲層的亮度溫度,可以大略分析出降雨時雲頂的溫度分佈。但是若與降雨量的關係進行比較可以發現中的關係並是絕對的。若配合微波輻射儀的觀測結果則可以輔助分別雲與降雨的關係。本研究中將GMS資料與SSM/I資料結合並進行與地面觀測雨量的比較與分析。GMS資料在臺灣地區的豪大雨可以有比較好的相關性,因為降雨類型多屬於熱帶性對流雲。其他降雨型態則明顯的是在微波資料有比較好的觀測結果。由於本研究是限定於陸地上,微波資料的偏極化溫度因為儀器反應度飽和以致在大雨的成效並不明顯。本研究以三年的臺灣地區降雨資料進行分析顯示在臺灣地區結合紅外線資料及微波資料估計降雨是比較好的途徑之一。

英文摘要

     GMS infrared data are widely used on precipitation study in Taiwan Area for a long period. Based on the cloud top brightness temperature, rainfall rates are estimated routinely. From model's simulations, the relationship between infrared brightness temperature and rain rate is obscure. The microwave observation data provide a new approach on precipitation information from space. The characters of precipitation could be more understood when microwave observation data is involved. The studies among GMS and SSM/I data and surface rain gauges data were discussed in this research. Most of the heavy rain rates are occurred with convective clouds in Taiwan area, so GMS infrared data have some relations with rainfall rate. Other cloud types have better relation with microwave data than infrared data. The verifications in this research are limited over Taiwan land for ground truths are easy to set up. The microwave frequencies on precipitation are sensitive even under small rain. The comparisons between satellite and surface observation for three years were done, it is proved that combining GMS data and SSM/I data cloud may improve the understanding of raining cloud and rainfall rate estimation.

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