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大氣科學

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篇名 納莉颱風登陸時的結構演變之都卜勒雷達資料分析
卷期 35:3
並列篇名 The Structure Evolution of Typhoon Nari (2001) Using Doppler Radar Analysis
作者 蔡雅婷陳台琦
頁次 167-187
關鍵字 切向風徑向風動量收支Tangential windRadial windMomentum budget
出刊日期 200709

中文摘要

本研究利用雙雷達風場合成和反演擾動壓力場,進而分析颱風風場在登陸期間結構的變化,瞭解颱風和地形間的交互作用,再藉由動量方程式的診斷分析,進一步了解颱風在登陸期間,造成颱風結構產生變化的原因。 分析結果為:登陸時颱風風場具有非軸對稱特瞰,切向風場分布受到地形影響,原本在海上傾斜的最強風半徑結構變得較為直立,徑向風低層徑向入流會沿著地形增厚。中高層切向風場在雪山山脈附近,風速火大於25m/s強風速區之範圍變大。動量收支分析結果顯示,此中高層風速之增加和動量支垂直傳送(對流)有關;而對流的不均勻分布,壞增加切向風場分布的非軸對稱特徵。中層徑向風場的山脈的附近有徑向外流極大值產生,中高層之徑向風場的分布型態為,在分析範圍北面入流區非軸對稱風速使隨時間增加同時有氣旋式平移的現象,由徑向風場在分析半徑30公里之徑向風剖面顯示,低層(高度2公里以下)為入流、中層(高度3~5公里)為外流,高層(高度5公里以上)則具相當高之非軸對稱特徵,有顯著內流區和外流區。 由動量方程收支發現,切向風風速值隨時間遞減,其中由近地層向上傳送因地面摩擦之較低切向風的垂直傳送十分重要;垂直傳送項對低層入流增厚有相當程度的貢獻。雖然切向風隨時間遞減,但是低層仍然有深厚的徑向入流來維特對流的發展產生大雨。

英文摘要

In order to understand the relationship between the typhoon and topography this study utilize dual-doppler radar synthesis to compose three-dimensional wind and retrieve the perturbation pressure field and analyze the change if the typhoon’s structure during landing. The analyses of momentum budget equation are also carried out to reveal the mechanisms of the structures change during typhoon landing. The analysis results are typhoon wind field was asymmetric during landfall. Influenced by the topography the titled maximum tangential wind over the ocean side becomes more erect vertically over the terrain. Low level inflow also becomes thicker over land. Near the Snow Mountains the tangential wind strong wind speed district becomes wider on the middle and high level. This phenomenon is caused by the vertical transport and subsequently induces tangential wind asymmetry. The outflow maximum appears near the mountain on the middle level. From analysis the momentum budget equation, we found the tangential wind decrease with time, is major due to the low level upwards transport of the smaller tangential wind. And the vertical transport term also is important to the low level radial inflow becomes thicker over the terrain.

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