This study took Grey System theory to probe the accidents / incidents of F-104 jet fighter within the period of its service in Taiwan. The analysis
classified the essence of F-104 jet fighter mishap records by Content Analysis into machine failure and six major human error types that include.
skill-based level, rule-based level, knowledge-based level, communication-based level, judgment-based level and leadership-based
level.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the nature of human error and understands potential elements that harm pilot, crew and aviation organization.
The constrains of data quantity and the uncertainty of mishap level distribution lead the traditional statistic method fail to handle the variables and relationships among variables effectively. The relational analysis of Grey System has been used for this purpose to address the factors that influence the aviation safety. The essence of Grey
System theory, which doesn’t need huge data quantity and specific distribution pattern, successfully processed seven failures of flying
mishap to reach their relational coefficients. The results reveal that skill-based level has the most detrimental effect on the aviation of F-104, while machine failure and knowledge-based level also show a strong effect. Suggestions are also discussed on the prevention of these factors in order to purchase a lower accident rate for the new series of fighters .