本研究的主要目的為探討屏東縣國小學童的生活壓力、偏差行為與其父母管教方式對吸菸、飲酒、嚼食檳榔行為之相關。研究對象為屏東縣國小三年級到六年級學生，採多步驟隨機抽樣(multistagerandom sampling) ，共抽取26所國小，包括:8所都市型學校與 8所鄉村型學校及lO所山地偏遠型學校。以結構性自填 式問卷進行資料收集，調查期間為2007年3月至6月，共收集有效樣本數2，341份，回覆率98%。研究結果顯示學童曾經吸菸、飲酒、及嚼食檳榔行為的盛行率分別為13.28%、11.57%、與13.43%;隨著年級的增加，學童在吸菸、飲酒、嚼食檳榔的機率有上升的情形。生活壓力事件、偏差行為及課業表現皆和學童三種危險行為有相關性。父母採「專制權威」的管教方式，子女曾經吸菸及嚼食檳榔的情形高於父母採「寬鬆放任」的管教方式(AdjustedOdd Ratio (AOR)=1.兒，95% CI=1.11-2.l9; AOR=2.肘，95% CI=1.16-3.05)。上述結 果建議學童菸害防治、拒絕飲酒、檳椰防制課程教育的時間應提早至國小低年級階段;學校與家庭應注意學童生活壓力事件影響、及其偏差行為發生，及早介入教導學童調適壓力的方法並強化家庭功能，做為防制學童危險行為的參考。

Objective: To understand the life str臼丸deviant behavior， and parenting style associated with children's cigarette smoking， alcohol drinking and betel quid chewing in elementary schools in Ping-tung County.
Method: We used the source of data from a cross-sectional study in 2008 in Pintung Count弘 Taiwan. A sample of grade 3 to 6 school-aged children (mean age 10 years)， using a multistage random sampling， was collected from 26 elementary schools (n三2，341). A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the influence variables had on ever- smoking， -drinking and -chewing status of elementary schools students.
Results: The prevalence of ever可moking， -drinking， and -chewing among Pin-tung school children was 13.28%， 11.57%， and 13.43%， respectively. The rate of three risk behaviors was increasing with higher grade level. Life stress， deviant behavior， and parenting style were significantly associated with three risk behaviors. Furthermore， children with authoritarian parenting style were less likely to smoke cigarette and chew betel quid when compared with children with the indulgent patenting style，的er a句ustment for other characteristics (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR)=1.56，95%CI=1.11-2.19; AOR=2.07，95%CI=1.16-3.05， respectively). Conclusion: These findings suggested that the school programs/activities should include tobacco， alcohol， and betel nuts prevention curriculum in the early stage. Moreover， more attention should be paid on schoolchild personality factor that taught them how to manage stress and strengthen the family support system.