生產力快速提升後，人類工作剩餘的時間明顯增加，對於社會性活動的需求亦隨之快速增加，相對地非營利組織亦因志工的加入而蓬勃發展，例如，伊甸基金會、慈濟…等。這種蓬勃發展的現象，除了非營利組織數量的增加以外，其規模的擴大，亦為其重要趨勢之一。規模擴大以後，組織的管理，更加充滿了挑戰，再加上其成員，尤其是志工，參與組織的動機不同於一般企業員工，存在其特殊性，故如何運用學術研究方法，適度修整組織理論，據以充份回應成員之需求，為能否發揮管理機能，達成組織目標的重要成功關鍵之一。

　　　　　The higher need of human beings for social activities and the development of non-profit orientation organizations providing such activities have accompanied a longer leisure time as a result of improvements in production. These developments include an increasing number of non-profit orientation organizations and an enlargement of their scale. Due to the special needs of the members of these non-profit orientation organizations, managerial theories derived from typical business administration should be properly amended to improve the efficiency of the management activities in non-profit organizations and to accomplish the organizational goals more effectively. Therefore, this topic should receive more attention from business administration scholars.