近年來由於奈米科技的進步，將原子力顯微鏡應用在生物醫學方面的研究也日益增多，尤其是再生醫學及生醫工程上都有重大的突破。另外，科學家也希望透過生物物理的研究方式，利用各式各樣的顯微術及奈米製程技術在奈米尺度下進行生物樣品的觀測與物理化學特性的探討，希望進一步與傳統的生物醫學研究做比較，並藉此發展奈米醫學檢測技術。在本文中，我們選擇人類紅血球為觀察的生物樣品，並藉由原子力顯微術 來觀測血球外貌、細胞膜的奈米機械特性及其在微流通道動態系統中的形變。希望實驗結果與生理學、病理學特徵相符。如此一來，不用繁雜的生化分析、遺傳檢查以及重複步驟檢測，僅需少許的一滴血，在相關參數資料的建立後，可於日後進一步發展為整合微流體致動器、感測器之快速檢測紅血球形變的多功能生醫平台晶片，判斷出紅血球的值是否在正常值範圍之內。

In this article, the nano-mechanical characteristics of the cell membrane and cytoskeleton of human erythrocytes were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The self assembly, fine structure, cell diameter, thickness and reticulate cytoskeleton of erythrocytes on bio-compatible surfaces, such as Mica and PDMS, were investigated. The adhesive forces that correspond to the membrane elasticity of various parts of the erythrocyte membrane surface were measured directly by AFM. The deformation of erythrocytes was discussed. A comparison between methods of biochemical engineering and biophysics were discussed in this work. Liquid physiological conditions were considered throughout. Moreover, the ability of the AFM to image surfaces with resolution down to the nanometer scales were demonstrated in applications ranging from physics to cell biology. Finally we believe that this important approach and technology development will make significant contributions to the advancement of biomedical test.