在職進修是提昇知識與能力的方法，但每一個人參與在職進修的動機並不一致，因此對工作投入的影響效果可能並不一致。本研究主要在討論不同的在職進修動機，是否會對軍職人員的工作投入產生影響。同時，男女性軍職人員的進修動機是否對工作投入有不同的影響效果，也是本研究的主題。本研究共調查300 位軍官，回收有效問卷239份，得到軍人的在職進修動機中，職業進展動機與外界期望動機會影響到工作投入。但是在性別對於進修動機與工作投入的干擾效果中，則發現男性軍官只有職業進展動機與自我實現動機會對工作投入產生顯著的影響效果；女性軍官則僅有外界期望動機對工作投入產生顯著的影響效果。

On-job learning can enhance knowledge and ability. Everyoner would have different motive to join the on-job learning program. We wonder the different on-job learning motive would have different effect on job involvement. On the other hand, military is a male-dominated occupation, we also wonder that the motive which affect female soldier’s job
involvement would be different from male. We surveyed 300 soldiers, and just 239 returned our questionnaires. The result indicated that only the occupational progress motive and other’s expectation motive would have effect on job involvement. Gender would have moderate effect on on-job learning motive and job involvement. Occupational progress motive and
self-achievement motive have significant effect on male’s job involvement, and other’s expectation motive have significant effect on female’s job involvement.