營養不良的問題常見於慢性腎衰竭的患者，且與心血管罹病率及死亡率有密切相關。護理人員在面對此類患者逐年上升的情況下，應具備營養照護的相關知識，才能給予適當的營養介入，以改善患者營養不良的問題。本文介紹造成慢性腎衰竭患者營養不良的原因、營養評估的方式、營養需求及飲食與衛教原則等相關營養照護知識。期望藉由營養照護的介紹，能有助於護理人員有效地處理患者的營養問題。

Malnutrition is a common condition in chronic renal failure patients, and is closely related to the cardiovascular morbidity rate and mortality rate. When facing an increasing number of chronic renal failure patients, nurses should have relevant nutritional care knowledge in order to
provide suitable nutritional intervention to improve patients’malnutrition condition. This article introduces the causes of malnutrition, nutritional assessment, nutritional demands, and principles
of diet and health education in chronic renal failure patients. It is hoped that the nutritional care knowledge can help nursing staff to effectively deal with patient's nutrition problems.