迴腸造口是將小腸末段（迴腸）以手術方式在腹壁上形成排便出口。研究指出造口病患於出院前及出院後最關注的焦點包括害怕排泄滲漏、氣味及造口袋更換；至於心理方面的擔心，如身體心像改變，遠比生理方面的擔心來得低，顯示病患以適應實際照護層面之造口照護（the practical aspects of stoma care）建構初始適應能力之重要性。本文依據迴腸造口之特性，討論實際照護層面之病患自我照顧原則，提供醫護人員在護理與指導迴腸造口病患時之參考，以期促進更適切之照護。

　　　　　An ileostomy is a surgically formed outlet from the small intestine (iteum) onto the abdominal wall. Studies found that the most highly rated pre- and post-discharge concerns for patients following stoma surgery were fear of stool leakage, odor and pouch changing. Psychological concerns such as a change in body appearance ranked much lower than physical concerns, highlighting the importance patients place upon their initial ability to cope with the practical aspects of stoma care. Based on the characteristics of ileostomy, this paper discussed the practical aspects of self-care among ileosotmy patients, with the intention to provide the instructions for patient education in order to promote adequate patient care.