篇名 | 為「弘」字覆議 |
---|---|
卷期 | 28 |
並列篇名 | A Reconsideration of the Character Hong “弘” |
作者 | 林宏佳 |
頁次 | 001-046 |
關鍵字 | 甲骨文 、 金文 、 異代同形 、 毛公鼎 、 Oracle bone inscription 、 Epigraphy 、 Ancient writing 、 Unrelated isomorphs 、 Mao Gong Ding 、 THCI |
出刊日期 | 200806 |
本文認為甲金文□字應釋為「弘」,□、□、□則都是「強」字。西周時「強」作「□」、弘作□;進入東周後,□的斜撇可能已經脫離弓體作「□」並延續到漢代,晉、楚系文字中的「強」因而加上區別符號作「□」。但漢代「強」字使用來自秦系文字的「強」,遂造成漢代的「弘」字(□)、「引」(□)字分別和西周以前的「強」字(□)、「弘」字(□)同形,學者如果沒有考慮古文字在長期演變中「異代同形」的現象,僅以字形的相似做為考釋的主要線索,即可能造成誤釋。 除了上述字形上的辨析,本文也分別解釋了□、□所在的金甲文辭例,指出在各辭例中,將上述二形分別釋為「弘」、「強」都比釋為「引」、「弘」更為合理適切,宜可做為□、□二形考釋的重要憑證。
This article proposes that the oracle bone and bronze script character □ be interpreted as 弘, and that □, □, and □ all be interpreted as 強. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, 強 was written as □ and 弘 as □. As it developed in the Eastern Zhou, the upward slanting element on the right of □ might have been separated off from the 弓 element; as a result, 弘 was written as □--a convention which was passed on to the Han Dynasty. On the other hand, since 強 was also written as □ in the Eastern Zhou, to make a distinction, in the writing systems of Jin and Chu dynasties an extra element was added to the original form to make the new character form □. In the Han dynasty, the 強 character was taken from the writing system of Qin. This led to the confusion between 弘 (written as □) of the Han and 強 (written as □) of the Western Zhou, as well as between 引 (written as □) of the Han and 弘 (written as □) of the Western Zhou. The confusion was due to the fact that different words might take the same character form. The character evolution can be seen clearly in the following table: