慢性B型肝炎是併發肝硬化與肝癌的重要危險因子，也是台灣乃至全球的重要公共衛生議題。目前全球對慢性B型肝炎的治療共識是：(1)現有的藥物尚無法完全治癒；(2)應利用抗病毒藥物持續抑制HBV DNA的複製；以(3)預防或延緩肝纖維化、肝硬化、肝衰竭甚至HCC的疾病進行過程，提升病人生活品質及延長存活。有鑒於西醫藥治療效果不盡理想，有證據顯示傳統的中醫藥在慢性B型肝炎的治療，能有著協同西醫藥物治療的應用潛力。現在已有數篇系統性的綜合分析研究，回顧了過去以傳統中醫輔助治療慢性B型肝炎的隨機臨床試驗的結果，顯示以傳統中醫輔助α干擾素或抗病毒藥物治療時，可以有顯著更好的ALT正常比率、病毒抑制效果及e抗原血清轉陰率等。然而這些綜合分析研究的臨床試驗樣本主要來自中國的研究，普遍有著研究品質不佳的問題，也影響了證據效力，故以中醫輔助慢性B型肝炎之治療仍有待大型且嚴謹的臨床試驗加以驗證。由於此議題頗有研究的價值，未來我國在組織臨床試驗時，應採用更嚴謹的研究方法，多中心、大規模的隨機、雙盲試驗將是必要的。

Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is a major public health problem worldwide. The treatmentconsensus of CHB indicates that: first, nowadays, there are still no effective drugs to cure CHB; second, a continuedsuppression of DNA replication in HBV by anti-viral agents is important; finally, the goal of treatment is to prolong thepatients' life and to improved their quality of life by preventing progress of fibrosis, cirrhosis and the development ofcancer. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used widely for more than thousands years to treat chronicliver disease, including CHB infection, and many controlled trials have been conducted to evaluate their efficacy. Inour literature review, data show that some TCMs may have beneficial effects on CHB. Although the quality of somereviewed studies might be poor, the summarized result suggested that well-designed and conducted randomizedcontrol trials of TCMs combined with conventional antivirus medicine in CHB infection are justified in Taiwan.