由於中亞地區不僅地處重要的戰略地位，且因具有豐富的礦產、天然氣以及石油等自然資源，而被視為是「第二中東」、「21世紀的戰略能源基地」，在中國的國家利益維護與亞洲戰略佈局上具有相當重要的戰略地位。又911恐怖攻擊事件後，美國藉由全球反恐行動、攻打阿富汗之便，開始與中亞諸國發展緊密的合作關係，確保本身的影響力與控制力以有助於圍堵中國。因此，在倡導和諧世界觀與推行睦鄰外交兩者的影響下，中亞地區成為中國關注的重要地區之一，成立上海合作組織以加強與中亞諸國的合作關係，進行政治、安全、經貿以及能源等多方面的合作，一方面有助於促進該地區和平與穩定與維護中國的國家利益；另一方面則有助於突破美國的圍堵。首先，論述中國的外交政策主軸與核心目標，瞭解和諧世界觀與睦鄰外交的意涵，藉此作為本文分析的基礎；其次分析該地區所具備的重要性，藉此了解中國的戰略目標與利益為何；再次論述中國的中亞地區政策與作為。最後則希望釐清中國對中亞地區外交政策的展望。

In recent years, under the influence of “harmonious diplomacy,” China
has given every effort to improve its relationship with neighbouring countries to make a peaceful environment not only in accordance with the common interest of the Chinese and others, but also to facilitate peace and development in Asia. Due to its important strategic position and rich energy resources,Central Asia is seen as the Second Middle East and the strategic energy base for the 21st century, giving the region importance in China’s strategic planning.Under the guidance of harmonious diplomacy, China has set up the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to strengthen its political, security and economic partnership with Central Asia in hopes of maintaining maintain Chinese national interest and breaking through American containment. This paper aims to clarify expectations of China’s future policy towards Central Asia by exploring the policies that has been adopted towards the region.