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東海科學

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篇名 彰濱工業區東方環頸(行)(鳥)巢孵化之探討
卷期 4
並列篇名 Hatching success and causes of hatching failure of Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus in Changhua Coastal Industrial Park
作者 劉威廷陳炳煌
頁次 085-101
關鍵字 彰濱工業區東方環頸繁殖孵化成功率Changhua coastal industrial parkKentish ploverCharadrius alexandrinusbreedinghatching successTSCI
出刊日期 200207

中文摘要

本研究於1999年針對彰濱工業區線西區內總面積22.74公頃的東方環頸繁殖地進行調查。調查從四月中旬至五月中旬於樣區共追蹤110 巢東方環頸的孵化情形,並於五月份設置36個人工試驗巢進行兩星期的追蹤以了解捕食和降雨對孵化成功率的影響程度。110巢東方環頸中有98巢成功孵化,孵化成功率高達89.09%,以Mayfield Method估算之孵化成功率亦高達83.53%,未孵化的12巢中,有6巢是因降雨淹水而失敗,4巢是親鳥棄巢,2巢被捕食。成功孵化的巢和失敗的巢在距道路距離和距植被線距離上無顯著差異(P>0.05),各樣區的孵化成功率和樣區面積、寬度亦無顯著相關(P>0.05)。設置的36個人工試驗巢有14個持續到第16天,以Mayfield Method估算換算東方環頸之孵化成功率為19.38%,因降雨淹水而失敗的巢佔全部的27.8%(10巢),被捕食的佔25%(9巢)。調查結果顯示梅雨季的降雨是造成彰濱工業區東方環頸孵化失敗的主要原因,雨量的變化對孵化成功率有很大的影響。巢被捕食的情形在本區並不嚴重,主要捕食者是受到附近垃圾掩埋場和人類活動吸引而來的野狗。

英文摘要

The hatching success and causes of failure of Kentish Plovers were studied in Changhua coastal industrial park in 1999. We found 110 Kentish Plover nests in 8 sites, total area 22.74 ha, in Shengshi, Changhua during mid-April to mid-May. The hatching success of 89.09% was high compared to other studies. Thirty-six experimental artificial nests were set for a two weeks period in May to examine the effects of predators and rainfall.Among the 12 unsuccessful nests, 6 were flooded, 4 were abandoned, and 2 were predated. Successful nests and unsuccessful nests showed no difference in distance to nearest road and distance to nearest vegetation line. The average hatching success of each site was not correlated with the area or width of each site. The Mayfield-estimated hatching success of the artificial nests was 19.38%. Among all the artificial nests, 27.8% were flooded and 25% were predated.Flooding caused by the heavy rain during spring and summer is the main reason for nest failure. Six Kentish Plover nests and 10 artificial nests monitered were flooded. Clutch predation rate was low. Only 2 Kentish Plover nests and 9 artificial nests were predated, mainly by dogs. Garbage dumping and researcher activities which attracted dogs into the breeding sites are the only human disturbance recorded.

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