痙攣型腦性麻痺兒童佔腦性麻痺孩童的大多數，因此，臨床上對其痙攣的評估與相關問題之處理非常重要。本篇回顧痙攣之定義、分類、臨床症狀，及其對身體機能構造和功能的影響，進而探討現今醫學常用來處理痙攣的治療方法和其療效，包括藥物、手術與物理治療。可依其作用部位和療效來分類，藥物雖可以造成全身性影響，時效卻短暫；肉毒桿菌素可針對局部降低痙攣；背根切除術效果雖能永久卻為全身性；骨科手術則只能針對局部。然四者皆有降低痙攣之效果。而對於痙攣合併之動作和功能障礙，則必須依賴物理治療，使其功能更加進步。近十年來，對於物理治療能夠給予痙攣型腦性麻痺的兒童的功能進步已有多篇研究，雖然進步多寡仍有爭議性，確定的是，物理治療在痙攣型腦性麻痺兒童的痙攣控制中，扮演舉足輕重的角色。

Spasticity is a common problem in children with cerebral palsy. To achieve better functional outcome, physical therapists should be able to measure and manage spasticity and its related problems. The content of this article included the definition of spasticity, classification of cerebral palsy, clinical symptoms and signs, and its influence on body structure and function after reviewing literatures in the recent 10 years. Furthermore, the treatment to spasticity and its effectiveness for comtemporarily medicine, including medication, surgery, and physical therapy were also described in this article. It cannot be denied that medication and surgery do have significant efficacy to decrease spasticity, but for the movement disorder and functional limitation associated with spasticity, physical therapy is the centre of all treatments for improving function for children with spastic cerebral palsy.