腹腔積氣常被認為跟臟器穿孔有關，必需緊急外科照會及開刀處理。但有百分之十的腹腔積氣找不到臟器穿孔的證據，這類的腹腔積氣被稱為自發性腹腔積氣。目前自發性腹腔積氣的處理對外、科來說，還是處於進退兩難的選擇。我們這裡報告一位發燒及腹痛的30歲女性，經X光發現腹腔積氣照會夕|、科行剖腹探查于術，但沒發現任何臟器穿孔之證據。

Pneumoperitoneum is almost always interpreted as evidence of visceral perforation and is an indication for immediate surgical intervention. Spontaneous, nonsurgical or idiopathic pneumoperitoneum indicates a condition in which evidence of visceral perforation cannot be found even with radiological evidence of pneumoperitoneum. Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum has been reported in 10% of all cases and is a surgical dilemma which requires proper assessment with a thorough history and physical examination. We report a 30-year-old woman suffered abdominal pain and fever with radiographically proven pneumoperitoneum, but no evidence of visceral pathology was detected intraoperatively.