背景與目的：探討住院病患在不同層級醫療院所及不同醫療專科使用復健治療之情況及社會老化對使用復健治療的影響。方法：以92年度全民健康保險住院申報資料分析。結果：92年度申報資料中，含復健治療之住院申報次數為139,679，佔總住院申報次數的5.11%，復健治療費用為7億6千多萬元，佔住院申報總醫療費用的0.65%。以含復健治療之住院申報來分析，住院申報次數和復健治療金額均隨年齡而增加，具有五個疾病診斷的比例從青年族群的23.3%增至老人族群的52.9%；地區醫院不論在住院申報次數、復健治療費用與平均每次申報中復健治療費用均明顯較醫學中心與區域醫院少；復健科的住院申報次數佔全體復健治療住院申報次數的11.8%，但申報復健治療費用卻佔總復健治療費用的44.4%，平均每住院申報次復健治療費用高達20,557元，為其他急性醫療專科的4-5倍。結論：利用復健治療的住院病患，有近九成來自各急性專科，相關主管機關應重視住院急性期病患對於復健治療的需求，相關專業人員必須面對和不同專科醫師合作的趨勢，讓病患能及時獲得合適之復健治療，同時加強老年人之急性出院準備或轉介安置的規劃。

Background and purpose: Under the National Health Insurance and being aging society, we were interested in the utilization of rehabilitation services in inpatients by levels of hospital, specialties, and the impacts of aging. Methods: We made descriptive analysis with the computerized data of the inpatient reimbursement claim of the National Health Insurance in 2003. Results: This study showed that the total utilization and proportion of rehabilitation services were 139,679 claims and 5.11% of total inpatient claims. The cost of rehabilitation services was 760 million (0.65% of total inpatient reimbursement). Among the claims with rehabilitation services, the older the age-group, the more claims, reimbursement and multi-diagnosis were. The proportion of having 5 diagnoses increased from 23.3% in young group to 52.9% in eldly group. Comparing to medical centers or regional hospitals, local hospitals had less claims, reimbursement and reimbursement per claim in the utilization of rehabilitation services. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine had 11.8% of total rehabilitation service claims, but had 44.4% of total rehabilitation services reimbursement. Reimbursement per claim in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine was NT$20,557, which was 4-5 times higher than that in other departments. Conclusions: The first, almost 90% of the utilization of rehabilitation services were from the acute care system. It is the time to clarify the role of physical therapy in acute and chronic medical care system. The second, the rehabilitation service team had to face older and more multi-diagnosis patients who were referred by different specialties either acute or chronic systems. These will influence the professional education and training in the future. The third, the Bureau of National Health Insurance may consider the direct access of rehabilitation service to all specialties in acute care system, in order to have inpatients get adequate rehabilitation services in time. And the last, facing the impact of aging, we have to offer enough inpatient rehabilitation services to work with discharge planning or transferal of long term care facilities.