背景與目的：本研究目的在比較不同種類的優秀大專運動選手之動靜態平衡能力。方法：選取某校大專乙組前五名優秀校隊，含跆拳道、柔道、軟網、桌球、游泳等，每一隊選取男女各5名隊員，共50名受試者。以隨機順序進行動態平衡測試及感覺整合測試與單腳站立測試。再以一維變異數分析比較運動類別及性別之平衡表現異同。結果：桌球選手之左右方向快速位移的方向控制準確性較游泳選手為佳(p<0.05)；跆拳道選手之前後方向中速位移方向準確性較桌球選手為佳(p<0.05)。跆拳道選手往左前方持續位移的反應時間顯著快於軟網選手(p<0.05)；桌球選手往右後方持續位移的速度顯著快於游泳選手。柔道以及游泳選手在閉眼且測力板與身體同步轉動的情況下，穩定性比桌球選手為佳(p<0.05)。在視覺及體感覺共同異常情況下，女性均較男性穩定印(p<0.01)。然而男性第一次左腳閉眼單腳站立時間比女性長(p<0.05)。結論：不同運動種類之運動員表現出不同的平衡能力優異性，此為其先天之能力差異抑或運動訓練之結果尚待進一步研究。

Purpose: Balance ability is an important domain of sports-related physical fitness. The purpose of this study is to compare the static and dynamic balance performance in five groups of elite college athletes as well as the differences between male and female athletes. Methods: Athletic teams at a national university were screened and invited to participate in this study. The inclusion criteria were (1) scored among the top 5 list of group B (non- physical education major) of National College Cup in the year of 2004; (2) contained more than 5 males and 5 females; (3) coach consent to participate. Five males and 5 females without recent injuries in the neuromusculoskeletal system from each of the Taekwondo, Judo, soft tennis, table tennis, and swim teams participated in this study. A total of 50 subjects (25 males, 25 females) completed the dynamic posturographic test (Smart Balance Master system, NeuroCom Internation Inc.) and the one-leg stance test. The average age of subjects were 21.68 years old, average height was 168 cm, and average weight was 63.27 kgs. The dynamic posturographic test included the rhythmic weight shift test in the mediolateral and anterioposterior directions, the sustained weight shift test towards eight peripheral targets, and the sensory organization test. Results: The table tennis players demonstrated better mediolateral directional control during rhythmic weight shift than the swimmers (p<0.05). The Taekwondo players demonstrated better anterioposterior direction control during rhythmic weight shift than the table tennis players (p<0.05). The Taekwondo players also demonstrated shorter sustained weight shift reaction time in the left-front direction than soft tennis players (p<0.05). The table tennis players shifted weight faster than the swimers in the right-posterior direction (p<0.05). The Judo players and swimmers were more stable than the table tennis players under the eyes closed with sway-referenced surface condition of the sensory organization test (p<0.05). Female athletes were more stable than female athletes under the eyes closed or sway-referenced visual with sway-referenced surface conditions (p<0.01). However, male athletes stood significantly longer than female athletes during the first trial of one-leg stance test with eyes closed on the left leg (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed different superiority in dynamic weight shift ability and sensory organization balance ability among the five athletic teams and between male and female athletes. The differences revealed in this study might be due to training effect or innate motor ability.