台灣四面環海，部分漁民長期從事水下捕撈工作；加上旅遊業發達，從事休閒潛水的人口逐年增加，成為國內甚為盛行的一項活動，但相關潛水減壓的研究仍十分匱乏。國內存有多種不同作業屬性的異常氣壓暴露族群，包括潛水工作者，深入地下工作的人，如地下鐵開挖者、下水道建築工人、深井工人等深入地下，以及海底工作的人或坐飛機加壓艙失效都有機會得到此種疾病，潛水減壓病即為此類族群最好發的疾病之一，希望藉著這篇文章讓大家從新認識潛水減壓病，了解相關的原因，診斷、治療與預防方法以減少不必要的傷害。

The decompression sickness was the most popular occupational diseases in Taiwan .There are many fishermen in Taiwan been engaged in the work of the underwater fishing, plus the tourist industry developed, to engage in recreational scuba diving year, but the relevant study is still very poor settings. There are many different domestic job properties exception decompression ethnic group, including diving workers, in-depth underground work in person, such as Subway excavation, sewer construction workers. The increasing popularity of scuba diving and the growth of commercial diving have increased the frequency of deep-pressure injuries. This article focuses on decompression associated with the sudden decrease in pressures during underwater ascent, usually occurring during free or assisted dives, and many studies about decompression sickness have been released, hoping this article let everyone learn more knowledge of the diving decompression sickness, understanding the causes of decompression sickness, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures to reduce unnecessary damage.