目的：藉由回溯性二次資料分析來探討袪痰藥物於門診上呼吸道感染使用的情形。方法：本研究資料來源，以全民健康保險研究資料庫一百萬人系統抽樣檔為主體，資料期間為2000年1月1日到2006年12月31日門診就醫資料，其中以診斷上呼吸道感染為為母群，再從母群中選取出有使用袪痰藥物的個案數。以性別、年齡、醫院層級及用藥種類來分析袪痰藥物之使用情形。結果：從2000年到2006年期間，因上呼吸道感染就醫使用袪痰藥物共有175,530人，總就醫人次數為507,541人次，使用770,516筆袪痰藥物。將年齡分成9組來探討就醫人口分佈，其中以50~59歲組佔的比例最高(約佔14.4%)，以20~29歲組所佔比例最低(7.1%)。以年度來分析就醫人次數的比例，在2004年最高(15.7%)；2006年最低(13%)。以不同醫院層級來分析就醫人次數，近3成(32.1%)在基層診所，比例最低的為地區醫院(20.6%)。以用藥種類分析，2000年到2006年平均每次上呼吸道感染使用袪痰藥物為1.5種。以藥物成分分析，複方藥物為最常使用之藥物(佔52.9%)，其中以lysozyme chloride類使用比例最高(18.2%)。結論：上呼吸道感染在是盛行率高但致死率低的疾病，在台灣，最常被用來治療上呼吸道感染的袪痰藥劑為複方製劑，而lysozyme chloride的使用率最高。

Purpose: It is a retrospective secondary data analysis of mucolytics for outpatients with acute upper respiratory tract infection(URI). Method: The data are one million systemic samplings of beneficiaries of National Health Insurance (NHI) in Taiwan from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2006. Inclusion criteria are outpatients with the diagnosis of URI and medicated with mucolytics. Prescriptions are stratified by sex, age, hospital level, and category of mucolytics. Result: During this period, 175,530 persons were diagnosed with URI and treated with mucolytics. Overall office encounters were 507,541 visits, with 770,516 prescriptions of mucolytic agents. The age group of 50-59 was the most people (14.4%), while the age group of 20-29 was the least (7.1%). Annual visits showed the highest in 2004 (15.7%), and the lowest in 2006 (13%). For the hospital level and, nearly one third of the visits (32.1%) were in the primary clinics, and the lowest were in the district hospitals (20.6%). Average prescriptions of mucolytics were 1.5 kinds from 2000 to 2006. We also found that compound mucolytics accounted for the most common (52.9%), and lysozyme chloride was prescribed the most (18.2%).
Conclusion: Upper respiratory tract infection is a disease with low fatality rate but high prevalence. In Taiwan, compound mucolytics were prescribed the most frequently for URI, and lysozyme chloride was the most commonly used category of mucolytics.