透過腦部攝影設備的證據顯示，注意力缺陷屬於多元性的腦部損傷，涵蓋多種大腦皮質與相關組織的損傷。本文統整相關神經生理學的探究，釐清相關腦部組織與注意力功能之間的關係，這些腦部組織包括額葉皮質、顳葉皮質、頂葉皮質、枕葉皮質、網狀活化系統、邊緣系統與小腦等區域。其中，警醒度功能之運作分別受到網狀活化系統、邊緣系統與小腦等組織的支配；集中性注意力之運作分別受到頂葉皮質與網狀活化系統的支配；持續性注意力之運作分別受到額葉皮質、頂葉皮質與小腦等組織的支配；選擇性注意力之運作分別受到額葉皮質、顳葉皮質與枕葉皮質等組織的支配；轉換性注意力之運作分別受到額葉皮質與頂葉皮質的支配；分配性注意力則分別受到額葉皮質與顳葉皮質的支配。

From the evidence of brain photography, attention deficit is suffered from the damage of multiple brain areas, including various cerebral cortex and related brain areas. This article collects related neurophysiology research to clarify the relationship between brain and attention function. These brain areas include frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, reticular activating system, limbic system and cerebellum. From the results of these researches, the arousal function is controlled by reticular activating system, limbic system and cerebellum. Focused attention is controlled by parietal lobe and reticular activating system. Sustained attention is controlled by frontal
lobe, parietal lobe and cerebellum. Selective attention is controlled by frontal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe. Shifting attention is controlled by frontal lobe and parietal lobe. Divided attention is controlled by frontal lobe and temporal lobe.