Taiwan has the highest incidence of end-stage renal disease in the world. There were 57,001 patients with end-stage renal disease in June 2009, and 90.6% of them were receiving hemodialysis treatment. During the time-consuming process of hemodialysis, patients come under physical, psychological and social pressure. They often feel anxious, depressed,
helpless and even hopeless. Music therapy is a simple, economical and effective care procedure that helps patients to relax, reduces anxiety and counters negative emotions by helping patients pass the time during dialysis their quality of life is improved.