本篇利用12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) 誘導老鼠耳朵持續發炎之模式，探討阿斯匹靈、酸桔 (Citrus sunki Hort.) 果實和扁實檸檬 (Citrus depressa Hayata) 果實萃取物對炎生化指標的差異。使用1.0 mgaspirin / ear塗抹於TPA誘發發炎的小鼠耳朵，對耳朵組織內血栓素 (thromboxane B2;TXB2) 抑制率為80.08%，且對前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2; PGE2)、P- Selectin和VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) 分別顯著抑制111、50.23及73.14% (p < 0.05)。然該劑量對TPA誘發之腫脹和與心血管疾病相關的生化指標如：白三烯素B4(leukotrienes B4; LTB4)、促發炎激素 (TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6)、E-Selectin、ICAM-1、單核細胞趨化蛋白 (MCP-1) 和基質金屬蛋白酶 (MMP-9) 等則無顯著作用。使用相當於200 mg酸桔或扁實檸檬果皮凍乾粉末之乙酸乙酯萃出物塗抹耳朵，對TXB2 抑制率分別為84.06及94.71%，與1.0 mg aspirin /ear作用相近。該劑量之酸桔果皮萃出物除對E- Selectin、P-Selectin無顯著抑制外，對腫脹、PGE2、LTB4、促發炎激素 (TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6)、ICAM-1、VCAM-1、MCP-1和MMP-9等皆有顯著作用 (p < 0.05)。該劑量之扁實檸檬果皮萃出物則對上述生化指標都有顯著作用，顯然果皮萃出物對這些生化指標的作用比阿斯匹靈均衡。酸桔果肉或扁實檸檬果汁萃出物也具有抑制發炎指標的能力，只是作用劑量大，能作用的生化指標較少。扁實檸檬果皮經殺菁及漂水後，對其抗發炎
能力影響不大。

The inhibitory effects of aspirin, Sunki fruit extract and Hirami lemon fruit extract on inflammation were evaluated using a mouse model with the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment to induce inflammation on ears. Topical application of 1.0 mg aspirin /ear significantly inhibited TPA-induced increase of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), P- Selectin and VCAM-1 by 80.08, 111, 50.23 and 73.14%(p < 0.05), respectively. The same treatment with the extract did not significantly inhibit TPA-induced edema and increase of the biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diceases, such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), E-Selectin, ICAM-1, MCP-1 and MMP-9. However, topical application of the extracts from 200 mg freeze-dried peels of Sunki (Citrus sunki Hort.) and Hirami lemon (Citrus depressa Hayata) significantly inhibited TPA-induced increase of TXB2 levels by 84.06 and 94.71%,respectively. The effects were similar to that of 1.0 mg aspirin /ear. The extracts also significantly inhibited TPA-induced edema and increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), adhesion molecules (E- Selectin, P- Selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1), MCP-1 and MMP-9 (p < 0.05), except the extract of Sunki peel for E- Selectin and P- Selectin. In additional studies, there was also anti-inflammation effect in the extracts of Sunki pulps and Hirami lemon juice, but the effective dosages of the pulp and juice extracts were higher than peel extracts. The anti-inflammatory effect of the Hirami lemon peel extract was not affected after being blanched and leached.