目標：雞尾酒療法(HAART)可有效提高愛滋病毒感染者的免疫力，降低發病率、死亡率，延長壽命，但卻可能增加慢性病發生風險，提高醫療費用。本研究將分析HIV感染者慢性病盛行率及發生率，並分析HIV感染者使用HAART對於慢性病之風險。方法：本研究為追蹤性研究，調查2000年前確診為HIV感染者(共1,724人)，觀察於2010年之慢性病(糖尿病、高血壓及高血脂)盛行率及風險，並以問卷調查此族群之慢性病發生率。資料取自疾病管制局愛滋病追蹤管理系統及2010年健保愛滋醫療費用申報資料。結果：2000年前確診為HIV感染者於2010年仍存活者共1,344人。於2010年有高血糖者90人(7.5%)、高血壓137人(11.5%)及高血脂347人(29.1%)。其中服用HAART者佔85.3%，共計1147人。而服用HAART者的HIV感染者相較於未服用者有較高的高血糖(7.8% >2.2%)、高血壓(11.8% >4.4%)及高血脂(30.1% >4.4%, p<.001)盛行率。控制性別與年齡後，服用HAART者相較於未服用者，糖尿病危險性為17.8倍、高血壓13.6倍，及高血脂44.2倍，皆達統計上顯著差異(p<.001)。每年每千人有6.2人發生糖尿病，6.6人發生高血壓，28.5人發生高血脂。結論：服用HAART的HIV感染者之慢性病盛行率高於未服用者。

Objectives: Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can effectively improve immunity, reduce morbidity and mortality, and prolong the life-span of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it may also increase the risk of chronic diseases and subsequent medical costs. To understand the risks of HAART, the aim of this research was investigate the incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and to determine the differences between those HIV infected patients with and without HAART regimens. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted
among 1,724 patients diagnosed with HIV infections before 2000 in order to estimate the prevalence and risk of chronic diseases in 2010 for patients, and between those patients with and without HAART regimens. Furthermore, patients completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire to investigate the incidence of chronic diseases. Results: A total of 1,344 patients survived until 2010. In 2010, the prevalence rates among all patients were 7.5% for diabetes, 11.5% for hypertension, and 29.1% for hyperlipidemia. Among the 85.3% of patients who had taken HAART, there were higher prevalence rates for chronic diseases (diabetes: 7.8%>2.2%, hypertension: 11.8% >4.4%, hyperlipidemia: 30.1% >4.4%, p<.001) than for those patients without HAART regimens. After adjustment for age and gender, patients with HAART regimens have significantly higher ORs then did those without HAART regimens (diabetes: 17.8, hypertension: 13.6, hyperlipidemia: 44.2, p<.001). The incidence of diabetes among HIVinfected patients was 6.2 cases per 1000 person-years. It was 6.6 cases per 1000 person-years for hypertension, and 28.5 cases per 1000 person-years for hyperlipidemia. Conclusions: The prevalence rates for chronic diseases among HIV-infected patients with HAART were higher than
those of patients without HAART regimens.