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清華學報 THCI

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篇名 音誦與救度:〈太上洞玄靈寶空洞靈章經〉之研究
卷期 39:1
作者 謝世維
頁次 031-061
關鍵字 空洞靈章三十二天靈寶道教Numinous Stanzas of the Cavern HeavensThirty-Two HeavensLingbaoDaoismTHCI
出刊日期 200903

中文摘要

本文探討之〈太上洞玄靈寶空洞靈章經} (簡稱〈空洞靈章}l' 自前學界尚未有關該經的專門研究,唯有部分學者在討論古靈寶經時會涉及這部經典。〈空洞靈章〉為古靈寶經之一,學界目前將此經歸為古靈寶經中的「元始舊經J '這主要是依據敦煌本「靈寶經目錄J '該目錄將此經列為「元始舊經〈紫微金格目}J 十部三十六卷之一。〈空洞靈章〉大約是東晉南朝時期的作品,此部經典〈正統道藏〉並未收錄,但是其具體內容可見於敦煌的道教經典殘抄本中以及〈無上祕要〉的引文之中。〈空調靈章〉主體部分為三十二天帝的讚頌,而三十二天的天界結構模式主要是以四方各八天的平面分布形式。這種天界模式也是〈度人經〉及〈諸天內音自然玉字〉等古靈寶經典所呈現的天界結構。從現荐的許多〈空洞蠶章〉殘抄及引文來看, <空洞靈章〉的主要部分三十二天荐的讚頌也是在現存文獻當中出入較少的,因此三十二天讚煩不但是〈空洞靈章〉的最核心部份,同時也是最早成立的部份。與〈空洞靈章〉的內容與思想閱(系最深的應該是〈度人經〉與〈諸天內音自然玉字卜最主要的原因是這一群經典的主要宇宙觀是三十二天,並且是以三十二天帝君、元始天尊、太上大道君、十方飛天神人等神祇為主要登場角色。其中《空洞靈章〉除了開場以元始天尊與太上大道君的對話起始外,整個經典的內容都是以「某某天帝君道經空洞璽章」的標題排列,以三十二天帝的誦文為主要內容。此外, <空洞靈章〉當中對轉經、語詠靈章的崇拜,與〈度人經〉亦如出一轍。〈空洞靈章〉的核心思想主要為救度,救度的對象是七祖乃至所有在九幽之府受苦的生靈,其救度的方法是透過經典轉誦,以經典的轉誦力量使地獄的苦魂可以拔度而出,脫離苦難,升至天界福堂,達致仙真的境界。而這是一種古軍寶經典如〈度人經〉等所提倡的大乘的救度之道。

英文摘要

This article focuses on the Lingbao Scr侈的re on the Numinous Stanzas0/ the Cavern Heave肘, one of the fundamental texts of the Lingbao corpus.The title of the scripture was listed in the Wondrous Scr已fJtures in the Pe欣ctScr:鈔t 0/ Lingbao in Ten Sections, and the present text corresponds to number3 of the Lingbao corpus. This scripture of the canonical Lingbao corpusis not included in the Ming Daoist Canon, and the present work appears to beincomplete. Two versions have been found among the Dunhuang manuscripts.Most of the scripture is in Pelliot 2399, but the opening passages aremissing. Stein 2915 also includes part of this scripture, and Wushang 戶zyaocontains the Numinous Staηzas of the thirty-two heavens, which forms thecore of this scripture. The scripture includes the Numinous Stanzas of thethirty-two heavens and a legend of deities chanting these stanzas. The legenddescribes a gathering at the court of Celestial W orthy and the sovereignsof the Thirty-Two Heavens sings hymns extolling the blissful joy. Thesestanzas occupy the major part of the present scripture and are reproducedhere in sacred words, corresponding to the esoteric sounds of the heavens.This paper analyses the content of the Numinous Stanzas 0/ the CavernHeav凹的from various perspectives: cosmology, philology, the concept of salvation,the structure of the scripture, the reciting tradition, etc. 1 investigatethese issues in order to reveal the main ideas of the Lingbao scriptural traditionin the Six Dynasties Period.

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