本研究旨在瞭解國小學童家長社經地位與家長參與之相關情形及父母效能感對家長社經地位及家長參與之中介影響。本研究採用叢集抽樣的方式抽取樣本，進行問卷調查，研究工具為「父母效能感與家長參與量表」。問卷資料以單因子變異數分析及causal steps 加以處理。本研究獲致以下幾點結論：1.高社經地位之國小學童家長之家長參與度高於低社經地位之國小學童家長。2.中，高社經地位之國小學童家長之父母效能感高於低社經地位之國小學童家長3.父母效能感越高，其參與子女教育的程度越高。4.社經地位會受到父母效能感之中介而影響家長參與。研究者依據前述之研究結果提出建議，作為學校及相關單位舉辦家長參與相關活動及未來研究之參考。

The purpose of the research is to explore the relationship between the parents ,social economic status and parent involvement. The samples are 1339 parents.The research method is a questionnaire survey. All the data have been analyzed through statistical methods “onewayANOVA” , “Causal steps” and “regressionanalysis”.The conclusions of the research are as follows：1.The level of parental involvement of high social economic status（SES）are higher than the parents of low SES.2.Parents of middle or high SES have higher sense of parental efficacy than the parents of low SES.3.The higher of parental efficacy, the higher level of parental involvement.4.The influences of the parents , SES to parental involvement are partial mediated by parental efficacy.According to the results obtained above , there are suggestions offer to parents,school, and future studies.