主題：腎盂黏液腺癌是一種非常罕見的泌尿上皮腫瘤，我們在此報告彰化秀傳醫院的臨床經驗。病例和方法：自1987年到2007年之20年間，彰化秀傳醫院共發現5例腎盂黏液腺癌，我們回溯性記錄並分析其臨床資料，其組織病理切片並由單一位病理科醫師再次確認。結果：腎盂黏液腺癌佔彰化秀傳醫院泌尿上皮腫瘤的比例為1.4%(5/349)，5例皆為男性，平均年齡為69.6歲，所有病例皆合併有腎結石，其中4例並伴隨有腎積水或慢性腎盂腎炎，特別的是，在3例中可以在尿液中發現有黏液物質的存在；2例在診斷後3年內死於腎盂黏液腺癌。結論：對於腎盂黏液腺癌的早期診斷相當困難，而且其臨床表現亦通常不具特異性；尿液中發現黏液性物質，尤其在腎盂存在某些慢性刺激的病患，可能是一個有意義的徵兆。

OBJECTIVES: Mucinous adenocarcinomas are a rare lesion of the renal pelvis. We present our clinical experience with this disease at Changhua Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of patients presenting with renal pelvic tumors from 1987 to 2007, and identified 5 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Clinical data including age, gender, clinical presentations, laboratory data, concomitant disease, treatment, and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed, and the histopathological diagnoses were confirmed by a single pathologist.RESULTS: The incidence of mucinous adenocarcinoma of epithelial tumors of the renal pelvis in our hospital was 1.4% (5/349). The mean age of these 5 patients, all men, was 69.6 (range, 64~79) years. All patients had renal stones, and 4 patients had hydronephrosis with or without chronic pyelonephritis. Urinalysis confirmed mucin in the urine of 3 patients (60%). Two of the 5 patients (40%) died of a mucinous adenocarcinoma within 3 years of their diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma is difficult, and clinical presentations are usually nonspecific. Mucin in the urine might be a sign of this disease, especially in patients who also have chronic irritation of the renal pelvis.