子宮內膜異位是一種覺的疾病，但是很少侵犯輸尿管。子宮內膜異位造成的輸尿管阻塞是很嚴重的問題，通常較遲才被診斷出來而且有很高的比例造成腎功能喪失。這個案例報告敘述一位女性病患因子宮內膜異位造成輸尿管狹窄阻塞，進而引起腎功能喪失。她之前很健康，但來本科求診之前三、四個月，她覺得右腰脅處有不明顯的酸痛。影像檢查及輸尿管鏡檢查顯示右襄腎及右下輸尿管狹窄。他接受外科手術及隨後短暫荷爾蒙治療。我們歸論因爲輸尿管子宮內膜異位通常是無症狀而未被注意，極高的比例在診斷確定時已造成腎功能喪失，針對子宮內膜異位造成這種不常見但是非常嚴重的問題，醫師應有所認識。對茶爾蒙治療無效者外科手術是無法避免，而且子宮內膜異位也是輸尿管阻塞的鑑別診斷之一。

Endometriosis is a common disease, but ureteral involvement is relatively rare. Endometriotic ureteral obstruction is a serious event commonly diagnosed late and which usually results in a high rate of renal loss before recognition. This case report describes a female patient who presented with ureteral stricture and impaired renal function secondary to endometriosis. She was previously healthy but had suffered from insignificant right flank soreness for 3 to 4 months before this admission. Imaging studies and ureteroscopy showed a right sac-like kidney with a right lower ureteral stricture. She underwent surgical intervention and a subsequent short period of hormonal therapy. We concluded that since ureteral endometriosis is usually silent and results in a high rate of renal loss before diagnosis, physicians should be aware of this uncommon but serious manifestation of endometriosis. Furthermore, surgical intervention is inevitable for cases with no response to hormonal therapy, and this should be included in the differential diagnoses of ureteral obstruction in female patients.