腎臟軟斑症是一種少見的腎間質發炎疾病，典型菌種為大腸桿菌，至於病理上有特徵的表現則是一種細胞內及細胞外的鈣化的包含體稱為Michaelis-Gutmann (M-G) body。我們報告兩例女性糖尿病病患的腎臟軟斑病。第一例是以急性腎衰竭表現，接受腎切除術後病理證實為腎臟軟斑症，另一例，電腦斷層檢查疑似惡性腫瘤，經切片證實為少見之腎臟及後腹腔軟斑症，此一病患接受保守治療得到滿意的療效。腎臟軟斑症在臨床症狀上和腎膿瘍相似，治療上的經驗也相似。腎臟軟斑症與糖尿病之關連則未曾在文獻上被探討。

Renal malacoplakia is a rare inflammatory disorder and is usually associated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection. We report on 2 cases of renal malacoplakia associated with diabetes mellitus. Their clinical findings were similar with presentation of renal abscess or malignancy. One case presented with hyperglycemia and renal failure, and that patient ultimately underwent a nephrectomy. The other case was proven by computed tomography (CT)-guided needle biopsy. Conservative treatment attained a good recovery in this case. The relationship between renal malacoplakia and diabetes mellitus had not been discussed in previous reports. Differences in the management between the 2 cases are also discussed.