國防組織目前所面臨的環境，對於軍隊管理是充滿挑戰的，它不單是效率問題，更是權變問題。在經濟與科技高度發展的社會中，軍事組織所面臨變革的壓力，是比一般私人企業更為急迫的。當國防預算日益減縮、組織成員來源多元化以及社會的高度期望之下，軍隊領導統御的改進與變革，應是國軍與全民的共識。由於社會化及環境變遷等因素造成軍隊成員價值觀改變，復以組織的功能性、管理領域的複雜程度以及軍隊管理平戰時期需求不同的特性等等，軍隊管理的內涵與民間管理相比較，在本質上有相當差異。軍事任務講求效率以便能快速達到組織的目標，尤其是強調組織中的每個職位均能克盡職守發揮應有之基本職能。當組織面臨巨大轉變，這些轉變促使主管人員在推動工作時面臨新的挑戰及考驗，除其角色功能必須重新調整適應外，專業知能亦需不斷強化精進，方足以因應時代變遷所需。基於職能模式已是近年來人力資源管理領域熱門的研討主題，其應用與發揮之處甚為廣泛，軍事組織結構中佔有承上啟下的中階主管之管理職能亟待確認與發展，藉由提昇人力資源素質，經由績效評估與能力盤點，發掘其管理教育訓練之需求，透過不斷地累積知識，創新技能，追求工作績效，強化組織創新致勝的能耐，有效達成組織的目標與任務。

In a highly developed society of economy and technology, the pressure of reformation that the military organization faces is more urgent than private businesses. Due to a change in values of defense manpower, the differences of organizational characteristics, the degree of complexity of managerial field, the demand for different managerial environments, the nature of management between the military and the private businesses is quite different. In order to achieve the goal of an organization rapidly, the focus of military mission on efficiency is a new challenge faced by executives whose roles must be readjust to adapt to it. Additionally, they must have their professional competencies improved frequently to meet the changing environment. In recent years, the model of competency has become a popular topic of seminar in the field of human resource management and had been applied widely. Through evaluating performance we cam discover the needs of managerial education and training and thus, to improve personnel quality, and to reach the target or mission of an organization efficiently.