根尖牙骨質發育不良好發於中年女性，初期特徵為下顎前牙區多顆牙根尖部位出現放射線穿透性陰影，而視此病灶分期的不同，有時也會觀察到放射線不透性影像圍繞在上述陰影或牙根尖外圍。臨床上並無外部症狀，也通常不需治療。由於根尖牙骨質發育不良初期X光影像與慢性根尖周圍炎相似，應配合進一步的鑑別診斷，以免造成誤診及非必要的治療。

Periapical cemental dysplasia (PCD) often occurs in middle-aged women. At the initial stage, PCD is characterized by the radiolucent shadows at the apices of multiple mandibular anterior teeth. Depending on the different stages of the lesion, sometimes radiopaque images around the root tips will be observed. Clinically, patient has no symptoms, and usually no need of treatment. PCD is similar with apical periodontitis in the early stage; differential diagnosis should be done to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.