自教育部於 2007年推動補助國民中小學活化校舍空間與發展特色學校方案以來，已有多年時間，而這些特色學校在「學校創新經營」及「學校效能」之現況究竟如何？以及特色學校推動學校創新經營是否有助於提升學校效能？仍有待探討。本文以問卷調查方式，採用結構方程模式等統計方法進行分析後發現：一、就現況而言，台灣國民中小學特色學校的「學校創新經營」實施程度很高，且具很高的「學校效能」；二、台灣國民中小學特色學校推動「學校創新經營」以後，對於提升「學校效能」具有明顯的正面助益；三、「環境創新」對學校效能具有最大的間接效果，可見得教育部特色學校方案優先從校園環境著手的作法值得肯定。本文並據以提出研究建議。

It has been five years since the Ministry of Education in Taiwan gave an impetus to the subsidization project of reusing unused buildings and developing specialist schools in elementary/junior high schools in 2007. This study has the following aims: first, to examine the current situations of the “school innovative management” and “school effectiveness” in the specialist schools; and second, to investigate how “school effectiveness” has been enhanced in the specialist schools which implement the “school innovative management.” The questionnaire survey and the structural equation modeling (SEM) were adopted to collect and analyze data. The findings are as follows: 1. The current situations indicated that both “school innovative management” and “school effectiveness” in the specialist schools were very high; 2. after the specialist schools implemented the “school innovative management,” their school effectiveness was found to be significantly enhanced; and 3. since the “environmental innovation” had the biggest indirect effect on “school effectiveness,” the policy made by the Ministry of Education that school environment was the top priority in the specialist schools project was on the right track. Based on the above findings, this paper proposed some research suggestions.