Background:Myocardial perfusion scan(MPS) plays an important role to image the myocardial perfusion affected by heart disease, such as coronary artery disease. The aim is to assess how much MPS the population will need in a well-developed healthcare system. Methods: This study used the longitudinal national health insuranc database, including registration files and claims data for reimbursement for 500,000 enrollees (LHID2005) from 1997 to 2008. It was a retrospective population-based study. The demographic characteristics of MPS,physicaian specialty, cause of disease, district hospitals, hospital ownership, and hospital characteristics were described. Results:At the frequency of MPS, the revalence of outpatients is larger than that of inpatients. As for the age and gender, the top one is the men with 60-79 years old. The physician specialty reported more frequently as the cardiologist. The disease reported more frequently as the angina. The hospital ownership reported more frequently as foundation hospitals. The Taipei branch of the NHI bureau is the top one. Among the hospital characteristics, the medical center is the top one. Discussion and conclusion: Most hospitals with the department of nuclear medicine are situated in the urbanized areas. It is worth to set up the department of nuclear medicine at the non-urban regional hospitals, and to provide MPS in patients with suspected heart disease to get accurate diagnosis and the favorable therapy. Though Taiwanese experience could not apply to all countries, our results might serve as an international benchmark for estimating the need for MPS in countries around the world.