本研究的目的是探討知識探索∕利用、產學合作計畫性質對產學合作績效之間的關係。本研究蒐集了自2007年至2009年間1,703筆產學合作計畫為樣本，採用階層迴歸分析來驗證所提出之研究假設。研究結果顯示知識探索與產學合作績效有正向關係，而知識利用與利用型之產學合作計畫的交互作用對於產學合作績效具有正向影響。除了主作用與交互作用外，本研究也更進一步發現學術研究人員執行產學合作計畫時，並非要兼顧知識探索∕利用二項能力才能提升績效。本文最後提出結論與建議，可做為企業界與後續研究者參考。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of knowledge exploration/exploitation and the types of university-industry research collaborative (UIRC) projects on the performance of UIRC projects. In this study, hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the potheses in a sample of 1,703 Taiwanese UIRC projects during the period from 2007 to 2009. The findings suggest that knowledge exploration is positively related to the performance of UIRC projects, while knowledge exploitation has positive interaction effect with exploitative UIRC projects on the performance. Furthermore, we also find that over and above their independent and interaction effects, academic researchers in UIRC projects may enhance the performance by a focus on managing imbalance between knowledge exploration and exploitation. Managerial implications and further research suggestions are discussed.