我分析了從1942 年～1950 年在阿里山的林業與消防團體。1942 年阿里山林業的基本的經營是從營林所委讓臺灣拓殖株式會社。1942 年～45 年臺灣拓殖株式會社經營阿里山林業與消防。1945 年太平洋戰爭結束、日本離開臺灣統治、中華民國政府統治臺灣。1945 年～1947 年臺灣拓殖株式會社接収委員會經營林業與消防、1948 年以後、林産管理局經營・管理林業與
消防。日本統治時代消防團體是結集林班内作業費和現業員做團體當滅火。1943 年1 月擧行出初式、給與酒饌於消防團體員。1945 年～47 年臺灣拓殖株式會社接収委員會組織林業員工和地域住民做消防團體。1948 年以後林産管理局制定消防關係規約、結集員工組織消防團體當滅火業務。毎個滅火業務、林産局給與員工手當。發火原因的百分之八十是阿里山鐡道火車的烟筒噴出之火焰、百分之二十、阿里山原住民狩獵時焚火和員工不小心管理火。所以林産局員講演防火理念意義於員工和阿里山地域住民（含原住民）、貼付防火傳單、而且改良火車的烟筒。對阿里山林業的發展與、非常需要消防團體・消防活動。

I analyzed forestry and fire groups of Alishan dated from 1942 to 1950. The administration of Alishan forestry was transferred from Forestry Administration Office to Taiwan Development Company in 1942. Taiwan Development Company administrated forestry and fire departments of Alishan from 1942 to 1945. In 1945, the end of Pacific War, the Republic of China acquired control of Taiwan from Japan. The Restoration Committee of Taiwan Development Company continued to administer forestry and fire departments from 1945 to 1947, and the Bureau of Forestry Administration took over the administration of forestry and fire departments after 1948.
During the period of Japanese rule, the fire group was composed of forest
fund and workers. The commencement was carried out in January 1943, and
wine and meal were provided to firefighters.The Restoration Committee of Taiwan Development Company organized its staff and local people as fire groups between 1945 and 1947. The Bureau of Forestry Administration drafted firefighting regulations after 1948, and organized its staff into fire groups for firefighting tasks. The Bureau of Forestry Administration provided employees with appropriate deal for each firefighting task.
About 80% of fire resulted from the smoke pipe of Alishan trains, and 20%
resulted from the fire caused by Alishan native people during hunting as well as accidental fire caused by mismanagement of employees.
Thus, the Bureau of Forestry Administration provided lectures of fireproof
concept to both employees and local people (including aboriginals) of Alishan,issued pamphlets of fireproof description and improved the smoke pipe of trains.The development of Alishan forestry requires fire groups and firefighting activities.