本研究採取內容分析法及對應分析法，探究解嚴前至二次政黨輪替後，臺灣不同時期國小社會科教科書中的國族概念及其轉變趨勢，並進一步解讀其意義。主要發現如下：一、「舊課程」的教科書呈現「中國化」的國族概念；二、「新課程」的教科書交雜「中國化」及「臺灣化」的國族概念；三、「九○暫綱」及「九二課綱」的教科書呈現「臺灣化」的國族概念，但「九二課綱」在臺灣主體意識有弱化現象；四、須掌握教科書中的國族概念發展脈絡，才能正確解讀教科書中的國族圖像；五、解嚴前至二次政黨輪替後，臺灣小學社會科教科書國族概念之轉變趨勢，符應執政當局的國族論述，各時期執政當局的國族論述，是影響國小社會科教科書國族概念內容的重要力量。

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changing concepts of nation in social studies textbooks of Taiwan's elementary schools and their connection with the corresponding political transformations since the abolition of martial law. The major findings were as follows: 1. The concept of nation in the 1975 curriculum was centered on Sinoism. 2. The concept of nation in the 1993 curriculum was turned into one that mixed Sinoism with Taiwanism. 3. The concepts of nation in the 2001 and 2003 curriculums were focused on Taiwanism. 4. The concepts of nation in the four curriculums reflected their respective political contexts. 5. The concept of nation was constructed diversely in different versions of textbooks ever since 1975. 6. The government's discourses on nation had strongly influenced the contents of textbooks.