由思想到文學，中國古代很早就形成「自成一家」的獨創性觀念及其習慣表述，並以「家數」概念為中介，在文學批評中形成大家、小家、名家等一系列品第概念。古人使用這些概念並沒有嚴格的定義，尤其是「大家」與「名家」，批評家對其分寸感的把握和對具體適用對象的聯想都有微妙的差異。本文試圖通過對古代文學批評史上有關資料的梳理，勾勒出前人對此的看法，以揭示中國古代文學批評的基本觀念及其尺度。

In both intellectual and literary history, “establishing a unique school
and developing habits of expressions” has been formed at a very early age in
ancient China. Using Jiashu (a school of thoughts based on intellectual
linage) as an intermediary, a series of evaluative concepts like Dajia (a
superior master), Xiaojia (a forthcoming master) and Mingjia (a renowned
master) has been originated. These concepts were used without rigorous
definitions. Especially Dajia and Mingjia, understandings of these two
varied subtly in reminiscence and associations of the critiques with the
subjects. Through organizing relevant materials in the Chinese literary
criticism history, this paper aims to provide an understanding of the
perspectives of the critiques and reveal the fundamental ideas as well as
parameters in the traditional Chinese literary criticism.