背　景：熱性痙攣是兒童時期最常見的抽搐疾病，痙攣的臨床表現常造成主要照顧者心理的衝擊，醫護人員應給予照顧者明確的資訊，處理抽搐以減輕焦慮。
目　的：比較系統性護理指導與病房常規衛教處置對改變熱性痙攣患童主要照顧者態度、認知、關注及行為的成效差異。
方　法：採實驗研究設計，以立意取樣選取中部某醫學中心兒科病房熱性痙攣患童主要照顧者為對象，將研究對象依週別分組，選取控制組22位進行病房常規衛教處置，實驗組24位接受系統性護理指導，於護理指導前後及出院後兩星期進行問卷測量。系統性護理指導使用「熱性痙攣照護手冊」作為指導依據、配合口頭解說及使用模擬娃娃實際示範，讓主要照顧者能夠回覆示教至正確為止，「患童及母親基本資料表」及「熱痙攣患童父母之相關知識、態度、關注與行為問卷」為測量工具，所得資料以SPSS 18.0 for Windows進行描述性、卡方及獨立t檢定等統計分析比較。
結　果：控制組及實驗組在接受不同的衛教指導方式後對熱性痙攣患童的相關態度、認知、關注及行為都具有成效，但實驗組在接受系統性的護理指導之後，四個量表的得分成效明顯高於控制組（p < .001）。且出院後兩個星期對衛教指導的記憶延長效果，實驗組明顯優於控制組（p < .01）。
結　論：配合熱性痙攣照護手冊進行系統性護理指導可提供臨床護理人員未來照護之參考。

Background: Febrile convulsion is the most common seizure disorder in children. Seizure attack symptoms can have a strong and negative psychological impact on primary caregivers. Primary caregivers of febrile convulsion children need clear information to manage seizures and reduce their anxiety.
Purpose: This paper studies the comparative efficacy of systematic nursing instruction and regular nursing care on the knowledge, attitudes, concerns and practices of primary caregivers of febrile convulsion children.
Methods: A experimental study enrolled a purposive sample of caregivers of febrile convulsion children admitted to a medical center pediatric ward in central Taiwan. The control group (n = 22) received regular nursing care from staff nurses. The intervention group (n = 24) received systematic nursing instruction from the researcher. Intervention group instruction followed febrile convulsion care handbook guidelines and used thorough explanations and physical demonstrations (on a model) to highlight key points and resolve problems. A parental febrile convulsion care knowledge, attitudes, concerns, and practices questionnaire measured differences between the two groups immediately prior to and after the intervention and at two-weeks following hospital discharge. SPSS/PC 18.0 analyzed data using descriptive, χ2, pair t -tests, and independent t -tests.
Results: While post-intervention results found that both groups achieved significant improvements in attitudes, knowledge, concerns, and practices, we found significantly more improvement in the intervention group than the control group (p < .001) on all four scales. This difference remained significant at two-weeks post-discharge (p < .01).
Conclusions: Systematic nursing instruction based on the febrile convulsion care handbook may be promoted at clinics to improve the self-efficacy of caregivers of febrile convulsion children.