背　景：一般人罹患代謝症候群之比例約為20－25%，實證研究顯示服用第二代抗精神病藥物的精神分裂症病患罹患代謝症候群之盛行率約高達30－ 50%，其中尤以clozapine及olanzapine最為常見。
目　的：旨在探討服用clozapine之精神分裂症病患罹患代謝症候群之盛行率及其與人口學、疾病變項間之相關性。
方　法：採回溯式調查性研究設計，於2010年3月至2010年9月期間，以某精神專科醫院慢性病房內正服用clozapine、且服用滿三個月以上之精神分裂症病患為研究對象。採病歷回顧方式收集相關生理參數之各項數值，並估算該族群中符合代謝症候群定義之盛行率。
結　果：符合本研究收案標準之病患共有146位，平均年齡為46.00歲，該族群代謝症候群之盛行率為26.71%，代謝異常之五項診斷標準中，以「腰圍及高密度酯蛋白膽固醇異常」之人數最多。進行卡方檢定，發現罹患代謝症候群與否，在身體質量指標異常（p < .001）與服用多種藥物者（p = .028）之間具有顯著差異性；採邏輯式複迴歸分析，得知身體質量指標對於罹患代謝症候群，具有顯著預測性（p < .001），而年齡組別、性別及是否多重用藥，則未有顯著預測性。
結論／實務應用：本研究顯示，服用clozapine之精神分裂症病患，罹患代謝症候群的盛行率明顯高於ㄧ般人。此結果有助於健康照護提供者瞭解我國精神分裂症病患服用第二代抗精神病藥物的安全性與影響因素，並喚起護理人員對於該族群健康問題之重視及敏感度。然而，本研究推論性將受限於樣本為慢性病房住院中、僅收集橫斷面資料、未納入病患使用藥物之時間、併用藥物種類與劑量等變項，未來尚需藉由前瞻性及實驗性研究設計以建立更完整的實證性知識。此外，建議健康照護單位定期監測此族群代謝症候群相關生理指標，以維護精神病患用藥安全及健康促進。

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the general population is estimated to be about 20-25%. A higher prevalence has been reported in patients with schizophrenia taking atypical antipsychotics, particularly clozapine and olanzapine.
Purpose: This study examined the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in institutionalized patients with schizophrenia taking clozapine.
Methods: Between March and September 2010, we collected data on metabolic syndrome parameters from the medical charts of schizophrenia patients who had taken clozapine for at least for 3 months. All participants were residents of chronic psychiatric patient wards. We estimated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in accordance with International Diabetes Federation guidelines and examined associations between demographic and illness factors.
Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the 146 patients reviewed was 26.71%. Waist diameter and highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were the most important markers of metabolic syndrome. We found significant differences between the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and abnormal BMI (p = .028) and polypharmacy (p < .001). Logistic multiple regression analysis indicated sex, age, polypharmacy, and abnormal BMI to be significant predictors of metabolic syndrome (p < .001).
Conclusions / Implications for Practice: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this study was slightly higher than in the general population, which is consistent with prior studies on Western populations. We hope our findings will inform healthcare providers about safety issues and other factors related to antipsychotic medications and increase nurse awareness about the physical health problems of this population. Ecological validity was limited because our patients were institutionalized and the study was cross-sectional. Additional investigations are required.