背　景： 呼吸器相關性肺炎（ventilator associated pneumonia, VAP）會延長呼吸器使用天數、增加醫療費用，滴入生理食鹽水抽痰術常引起病人反嘔等不適，卻廣地被應用於呼吸器使用的病人。
目　的： 探討無滴入生理食鹽水之氣管內管抽痰術對VAP發生率的影響。
方　法： 以立意取樣方式於中部某醫學中心之加護病房，先收集6個月執行滴入生理食鹽水對照組（n = 81），再收集6個月無滴入生理食鹽水實驗組（n = 116），比較兩組VAP發生率的統計差異。
結　果： ㈠比較VAP發生時間，在實驗組為使用呼吸器後第28.0天、對照組則為第10.8天。㈡兩組於呼吸器相關肺炎的發生率，實驗組VAP發生率為1.31‰低於對照組9.19‰，以t-test統計有顯著差異（p < .05）。
結　論： 研究發現無滴入生理食鹽水之抽痰術似乎可降低VAP的發生率。

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been shown to increase total number of ventilatordependent days and increase medical costs. Although using instillation saline prior to endotracheal suctioning induces nausea in some patients, it remains a common practice with ventilator-dependent patients. To improve this situation, we used an evidence-based method to assess the potential relationship between instillation saline and VAP.
Purpose: This study compared VAP incidence rates between patients receiving instillation saline and those who did not prior to endotracheal suctioning.
Methods: Purposive sampling was conducted in the intensive care unit of a medical center. Data on the instillation saline (control) group (n = 81) were collected for 6 months, followed by 6 months of data collection on the noinstillation saline (experimental) group (n = 116). We compared collected data to indentify differences in VAP incidence between the two.
Results: VAP was diagnosed on average at day 28.0 for the experimental group and at day 10.8 for the control group. The VAP incidence rate was 1.31‰ for the experimental group and 9.19 ‰ for the control group. A t -test found both differences to be statistically significant (p < .05).
Conclusions: Not using instillation saline before endotracheal suction was found to significantly decrease VAP incidence and reduce medical expenditures.