目標：分析台灣18歲以下未成年族群因交通事故住院之發生率，並探討個人、疾病及醫院
因素與醫療資源耗用之相關性。方法：採用國家衛生研究院建置的2007-2009年健康保險住院
醫療費用資料檔，依外因分類碼擷取診斷欄位為交通事故且年齡低於18歲之住院傷患，總計樣
本19,781人。我們估計全國未成年人口交通事故住院發生率，並以對數轉換後之住院天數與醫
療費用為結果變項，以多變項迴歸研析其與年齡、性別、醫院層級、手術處置與共病數等潛在
相關因子之相關性。結果：台灣未成年人在這3年因交通事故導致19,781筆住院總計1,117.7千
人日，醫療費用7.1億元。平均年住院發生率為105.9/105
，平均住院天數與醫療費用分別為5.65
天與35,903.5元。15-17歲男孩有最高之住院發生率(445.5/105)與醫療費用(41,029.2元)。年齡較
大、女性、手術處置、高醫院層級與多共病數顯著增加住院天數。然而在調整住院天數後，除
手術處置與高醫院層級外，男性、嬰兒與單純性傷害反而是造成醫療費用增加的因子。結論：
台灣未成年人交通事故傷害耗用具體之健康照護資源，每年花費的住院醫療支出達2.37億元，
且有許多相關因子值得後續研究。(台灣衛誌 2012；31(6)：535-543)

Objectives: To study traffc injury-related hospitalization of children under 18 years of age in
terms of incidence and factors related to medical costs. Methods: The 2007-2009 National Health
Insurance Research Database was used to identify a total of 19,781 children under 18 years of age
who were hospitalized with an external cause (E code) of traffc injury. The incidence of traffc
injury-related hospitalization among children was estimated. The associations between potentially
signifcant covariates (age, gender, accreditation level of hospital, surgical intervention, number
of comorbid conditions) and log-transferred hospitalization cost and length of stays (LOSs)
were examined with multivariate regression analysis. Results: The 19 781 traffc injury-related
hospitalizations among children under 18 years of age from 2007 to 2009, resulted in more than
710 million NTD in inpatient charges and 1117.7 thousand person-days of hospitalization. The
annual incidence rate of hospitalization was 105.9/105
. Mean (SD) LOSs and hospital charges
were 5.65 (6.57) days and 35 903.5 (77 358.0) NTD, respectively. Male adolescents aged 15
through 17 had the highest hospitalization rates (445.5 per 100 000) and medical cost (41029.2
NTD). Older age, being female, having a higher number of comorbid conditions, surgical
intervention and a higher hospital accreditation level were signifcantly associated with longer
LOSs. In addition to surgical intervention and accreditation level of the hospital, those who were
male, infants, or without other comorbid conditions tended to incur higher hospital charges after
adjustment for LOSs. Conclusions: Traffc injuries among children incur a substantial health care
burden, with an annual cost for hospital care exceeding 237 million NTD. Many related factors are
worthy of further study. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2012;31(6):535-543)