持續性的肝炎，造成進行性的肝纖維化，最終形成肝硬化。本文在整理肝硬化臨床的診
斷與治療。病因與危險因子：在台灣病毒性肝炎是傳統上造成肝硬化原因的大宗，惟酒精性
肝炎和脂肪肝在近期有增加的趨勢。診斷：肝臟生檢仍是診斷肝硬化的黃金準則，但臨床上
輔以病史、理學檢查、血液血清檢驗，以及影像診斷，仍可提供肝硬化的線索。治療：治療
肝硬化病人的核心目標在於預防及治療併發症，以延緩肝臟疾病的惡化；當疾病進展到末期
肝病的時期，唯一的治療，就只有換肝一途。

Persisted hepatitis causes progressive liver fibrosis and leads to liver cirrhosis. And this article is to provide
clinical information about diagnosis and treatment for liver cirrhosis. Etiology and Risk Factors: Viral hepatitis
contributed to most of liver cirrhosis cases in Taiwan. However, alcoholic liver disease and fatty liver are in
increasing in these days. Diagnosis: Liver biopsy is the golden standard of diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. History
taking, physical examination, lab data, and image studies may provide clues of liver cirrhosis clinically.Treatment:
The goal in treating liver cirrhosis is to prevent and to manage the complication. When the disease merging into
end stage liver disease, the only treatment is liver transplantation. (J Intern Med Taiwan 2012; 23: 392-397)