近年來，極端氣候及土地超限利用造成全球的災害頻仍，使災害脆弱性之研究也愈趨重要。臺灣爲海島國家，在面對全球環境變遷時，相對於其他國家更顯得脆弱。尤其是每年國內發生的土石流災害均造成居民生命財產的嚴重損失。有鑑於此，本文以社會脆弱性研究之觀點，探討南投縣水里鄉上安社區土石流災害的人文意涵。利用文獻回顧、參與觀察法和深度訪談法的方式，聚焦於社區居民在土石流災害時所面臨的生計壓力，及影響其調適性的因素。研究發現，居民災害識覺與經驗、緊密的社會網絡、多樣化的生計、制度及經濟援助，將有助於提升調適能力。然而，改變社區居民的生計活動，卻也可能損害了其他方面的調適能力，且出現新興的脆弱性。希冀本研究成果可作爲未來政府在災害管理上的決策參考。

In recent years, extreme climate and land overuse have led to frequent disasters worldwide, which considerably promotes the importance of research on hazard vulnerability. As an island country, Taiwan is more vulnerable, compared with other countries, when facing global environmental changes. Among all natural disasters, debris flow hazard happening in Taiwan each year causes critical loss of lives and properties to residents here. Due to the above mentioned, this essay, adopting a social vulnerability-based approach, focuses on the human implications of debris flow hazard happening in Shang-Ann Community in Shueili Township, Nantou County. Employing methods including literature review, participation observation, and depth interview, it concentrates on the pressure of livelihood when the residents suffer from debris flow hazard, and on the factors affecting the determinants of adaptation. This research shows that the acquisition of hazard perception and learning, strong social networks, diversity of livelihood, institutions, and economic support, helps improve adaptive capacity. Nevertheless, by changing the livelihoods of those residents, it is also possible to do harm to adaptive capacity in other aspects, and thus results in emerging vulnerabilities. Hopefully, the results of this study could be important references in hazard management for the future government.