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篇名 臺灣河川生態定量評定與改善方式之研究
卷期 1:2
並列篇名 The Study of Quantitative Assessment and Improvement Methods in Ameliorating River Ecology In Taiwan
作者 吳瑞賢陳慶和毛振泰
頁次 071-104
關鍵字 動物地理分區棲地適合度曲線淡水特有魚種five different geographical zoneshabitat suitability curveendemic fish of freshwater
出刊日期 200906

中文摘要

有關水利及生態理論間之量化平台,是水利工程規劃設計時要解決的問題,依據臺灣本島魚類棲息之五個動物地理分區,以各分區中淡水特有魚種之生存適合性作為評估河川生態的標準,制訂各分區上、中、下游河段之流速、水深、底質及水質棲地適合度曲線,以所繪的4 區共48 幅棲地適合度曲線圖(不含第Ⅳ區),應用於臺灣本島河川生態寬度及彎曲量化分析,共有以下結論:1.經分析全臺灣本島32 個河段棲地型態,建議於營造改善已存在堤線之河川環境時,建議應至少保留原計畫河寬的百分之84 作為河川生態寬度(Be),維持其原有河川地貌及地形,不予改變。對於未興建而需新建河川防洪構造物河段,建議儘量採用計畫河寬計算公式所得之最大值(MaxBp),作為治理計畫線寬度(Bp),並以Be=0.1324* MaxBp 1.1931 之公式,求取治理河段需維持自然狀態的最小寬度。2.在河川彎曲量化分析方面,從分析32 河段中的11 處蜿蜒河段,發現Lepold & Wolman(1960)所獲得的蜿蜒河槽幾合特性中,彎頂距(λ)的公式尚可於臺灣適用,但彎槽擺幅與彎曲半徑公式則顯得並不適合。另河川彎曲處的凸岸區腹地,在水位溢槽時皆為優良棲地,在河川管理時,應列為水利用地保持自然狀態。

英文摘要

With the aim to resolve problems in quantifying ecological and hydrological aspects of water works engineering and design, According to the data on fish species to fit four different habitat suitability curve regimes (flow velocity, water depth, bed material and water quality) of the upstream, midstream and downstream sections of rivers in four different geographical zones not include zone in Taiwan. In total 48 habitat suitability curves for local endemic freshwater water species were drawn and used as the standard to assess river habitat ecology. This methodology was applied for different river channel types in Fatze River and a quantitative analysis was carried out for ecological width and sinuosity typical of rivers in Taiwan. The conclusions derived from our study can be summarized as follows: 1. Following the analysis of 32 river sections and their habitat types in Taiwan, we concluded that for the future construction and amelioration of river embankments a minimum of 70% of the original channel width ust be reserved for river ecology (Be). The landscape and topographical relief of the river must remain untouched. Additionally, for river sections in need of new floodworks construction, our study recommends that the largest value of the river width equation be used for regulating the project width (Bp).Furthermore, the relationship between Be and MaxBp should be established at Be=0.1324* MaxBp 1.1931 to calculate the requisite minimum width of the river to maintain base ecology. 2.The analysis of the river sinuosity in 11 meanderings of the 32 rivers has confirmed that of the hydraulic geometric relationships obtained by Leopold and Wolman (1960), the equation for the distance between two meanders(λ)is applicable to Taiwan while the equations for amplitude and radius of the meander are not. The region outside of the river bend is a suitable habitat area during floods and, as such, by river management guidelines should be protected and preserved.

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